GPS Phase Scintillation at High Latitudes during Two Geomagnetic Storms
Prikryl, P., R. Ghoddousi-Fard, J. M. Ruohoniemi, and E. G. Thomas (2015), GPS Phase Scintillation at High Latitudes during Two Geomagnetic Storms, in Auroral Dynamics and Space Weather (eds Y. Zhang and L. J. Paxton), John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ, doi:10.1002/9781118978719.ch15.
The GPS phase scintillation at high latitudes is a consequence of coupling between variable solar wind and the magnetosphere-ionosphere (M-I) system resulting in structured and dynamic ionosphere. Intense GPS phase scintillation at high latitudes was observed during two geomagnetic storms that were caused by impacts of coronal mass ejections on November 1, 2011 and March 17, 2013. This chapter focuses on GPS phase scintillation during the two storms. Ionospheric regions of enhanced scintillation are identified in the context of coupling processes between solar wind and the M-I system. The occurrence of scintillation as a function of magnetic latitude and magnetic local time is strongly controlled by the interplanetary magnetic field orientation. A link is suggested between scintillation occurrence in the polar cap and the nightside auroral oval that is consistent with recently discovered relationships between polar cap patches and substorms, and between enhanced polar cap flows and poleward boundary intensifications.